Friday, April 6, 2012

ABAP Performance Factor




  • Performance tuning
    You need to consider below points to improve the performance of any program you write. Any one can write the program, but credit goes to one who writes efficiently. Performance plays key role for reports, BDCs.



  • For all entries



  • Nested selects



  • Select using JOINS



  • Use the selection criteria



  • Use the aggregated functions



  • Select with view



  • Select with index support



  • Select … Into table



  • Select with selection list



  • Key access to multiple lines



  • Copying internal tables



  • Modifying a set of lines



  • Deleting a sequence of lines



  • Linear search vs. binary



  • Comparison of internal tables



  • Modify selected components



  • Appending two internal tables



  • Deleting a set of lines



  • Tools available in SAP to pin-point a performance problem



  • Optimizing the load of the database

    For all entriesThe for all entries creates a where clause, where all the entries in the driver table are combined with OR. If the number of entries in the driver table is larger than rsdb/max_blocking_factor, several similar SQL statements are executed to limit the length of the WHERE clause.

    The plus

    Large amount of data
    Mixing processing and reading of data
    Fast internal reprocessing of data
    Fast


The Minus

Difficult to program/understand
Memory could be critical (use FREE or PACKAGE size)
Some steps that might make FOR ALL ENTRIES more efficient:

Removing duplicates from the the driver table
Sorting the driver table
If possible, convert the data in the driver table to ranges so a BETWEEN statement is used instead of and OR statement:



FOR ALL ENTRIES IN i_tab
WHERE mykey >= i_tab-low and
mykey <= i_tab-high.


Nested selects


The plus: Small amount of data Mixing processing and reading of data Easy to code - and understand .


The minus:


Large amount of data when mixed processing isn’t needed Performance killer no. 1


Select using JOINS


The plus Very large amount of data Similar to Nested selects - when the accesses are planned by the programmer In some cases the fastest Not so memory critical .


The minus


Very difficult to program/understand Mixing processing and reading of data not possible .


Use the selection criteria


SELECT * FROM SBOOK.


CHECK: SBOOK-CARRID = 'LH' AND SBOOK-CONNID = '0400'.


ENDSELECT. SELECT * FROM SBOOK WHERE CARRID = 'LH' AND CONNID = '0400'. ENDSELECT.


Use the aggregated functions C4A = '000'.


SELECT * FROM T100 WHERE SPRSL = 'D' AND ARBGB = '00'.


CHECK: T100-MSGNR > C4A.
C4A = T100-MSGNR.
ENDSELECT.

SELECT MAX( MSGNR ) FROM T100 INTO C4A
WHERE SPRSL = 'D' AND
ARBGB = '00'.

Select with view
SELECT * FROM DD01L
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
AND AS4LOCAL = 'A'.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM DD01T
WHERE DOMNAME = DD01L-DOMNAME
AND AS4LOCAL = 'A'
AND AS4VERS = DD01L-AS4VERS
AND DDLANGUAGE = SY-LANGU.
ENDSELECT.

SELECT * FROM DD01V
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
AND DDLANGUAGE = SY-LANGU.
ENDSELECT.

Select with index support
SELECT * FROM T100
WHERE ARBGB = '00'
AND MSGNR = '999'.
ENDSELECT.

SELECT * FROM T002.
SELECT * FROM T100
WHERE SPRSL = T002-SPRAS
AND ARBGB = '00'
AND MSGNR = '999'.
ENDSELECT.
ENDSELECT.


Select … Into table
REFRESH X006.
SELECT * FROM T006 INTO X006.
APPEND X006.
ENDSELECT

SELECT * FROM T006 INTO TABLE X006.


Select with selection list



SELECT * FROM DD01L
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
AND AS4LOCAL = 'A'.
ENDSELECT

SELECT DOMNAME FROM DD01L
INTO DD01L-DOMNAME
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
AND AS4LOCAL = 'A'.
ENDSELECT

Key access to multiple lines
LOOP AT TAB.
CHECK TAB-K = KVAL.
" ...
ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT TAB WHERE K = KVAL.
" ...
ENDLOOP.


Copying internal tables



REFRESH TAB_DEST.
LOOP AT TAB_SRC INTO TAB_DEST.
APPEND TAB_DEST.
ENDLOOP.

TAB_DEST[] = TAB_SRC[].

Modifying a set of lines



LOOP AT TAB.
IF TAB-FLAG IS INITIAL.
TAB-FLAG = 'X'.
ENDIF.
MODIFY TAB.
ENDLOOP.

TAB-FLAG = 'X'.
MODIFY TAB TRANSPORTING FLAG
WHERE FLAG IS INITIAL.


Deleting a sequence of lines



DO 101 TIMES.
DELETE TAB_DEST INDEX 450.
ENDDO.

DELETE TAB_DEST FROM 450 TO 550.


Linear search vs. binary



READ TABLE TAB WITH KEY K = 'X'.

READ TABLE TAB WITH KEY K = 'X' BINARY SEARCH.

Comparison of internal tables



DESCRIBE TABLE: TAB1 LINES L1,
TAB2 LINES L2.

IF L1 <> L2.
TAB_DIFFERENT = 'X'.
ELSE.
TAB_DIFFERENT = SPACE.
LOOP AT TAB1.
READ TABLE TAB2 INDEX SY-TABIX.
IF TAB1 <> TAB2.
TAB_DIFFERENT = 'X'. EXIT.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.

IF TAB_DIFFERENT = SPACE.
" ...
ENDIF.

IF TAB1[] = TAB2[].
" ...
ENDIF.

Modify selected components



LOOP AT TAB.
TAB-DATE = SY-DATUM.
MODIFY TAB.
ENDLOOP.

WA-DATE = SY-DATUM.
LOOP AT TAB.
MODIFY TAB FROM WA TRANSPORTING DATE.
ENDLOOP.

Appending two internal tables



LOOP AT TAB_SRC.
APPEND TAB_SRC TO TAB_DEST.
ENDLOOP

APPEND LINES OF TAB_SRC TO TAB_DEST.

Deleting a set of lines



LOOP AT TAB_DEST WHERE K = KVAL.
DELETE TAB_DEST.
ENDLOOP

DELETE TAB_DEST WHERE K = KVAL.


Tools available in SAP to pin-point a performance problem






  • The runtime analysis (SE30)




  • SQL Trace (ST05)




  • Tips and Tricks tool




  • The performance database

    Optimizing the load of the databaseUsing table buffering
    Using buffered tables improves the performance considerably. Note that in some cases a stament can not be used with a buffered table, so when
    using these staments the buffer will be bypassed. These staments are:

    Select DISTINCT
    ORDER BY / GROUP BY / HAVING clause
    Any WHERE clasuse that contains a subquery or IS NULL expression
    JOIN s
    A SELECT... FOR UPDATE
    If you wnat to explicitly bypass the bufer, use the BYPASS BUFFER addition to the SELECR clause.

    Use the ABAP SORT Clause Instead of ORDER BY
    The ORDER BY clause is executed on the database server while the ABAP SORT statement is executed on the application server. The datbase server
    will usually be the bottleneck, so sometimes it is better to move thje sort from the datsbase server to the application server.

    If you are not sorting by the primary key ( E.g. using the ORDER BY PRIMARY key statement) but are sorting by another key, it could be better to use
    the ABAP SORT stament to sort the data in an internal table. Note however that for very large result sets it might not be a feasible solution and you
    would want to let the datbase server sort it.